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Accueil > Descriptors > Skills

Skills

S 1 - Can observe or analyse

S 1 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can observe or analyse linguistic elements or cultural phenomena in languages or cultures which are more or less familiar

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S 1.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can make use of or master the processes of observation or analysis (e.g. breaking down into elements, classifying, establishing relationships between them)
S 1.1.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can use inductive approaches in the analysis of linguistic or cultural phenomena
S 1.1.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can formulate hypotheses in view of an analysis of linguistic or cultural phenomena
S 1.1.3 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can resort to a known language or culture with a view to developing an analysis of another language or culture
S 1.1.4 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can resort to observing different languages or cultures simultaneously in order to formulate hypotheses for analysing phenomena in a particular language or culture
 
S 1.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can observe and analyse sounds (in languages little known or not at all)
S 1.2.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can listen attentively or in a selective manner to productions in different languages
S 1.2.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can isolate sounds (or phonemes)
S 1.2.3 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can isolate or segment syllables
S 1.2.4 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can analyse a phonological system (e.g. isolate, classify units, etc.)
 
S 1.3 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can observe or analyse writing systems (in languages little known or not known at all)
S 1.3.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan isolate units of script (e.g. sentences, words, minimal units)
S 1.3.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceWhere these exist, can establish correspondences between script and sound
S 1.3.2.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan decipher a text written in an unfamiliar script once the units have been isolated and the grapho-phonetic correspondences have been established
 
S 1.4 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can observe or analyse syntactic and/or morphological structures
S 1.4.1 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resourceCan divide compound words into their constituent words
S 1.4.2 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resourceCan analyse a syntactic structure in an unfamiliar language once it is repeated using different lexical units
S 1.4.3 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resource Can access, at least partially, the meaning of an utterance in a little known or unknown language by identifying words and by analysing the syntactic morphosyntactic structure of that utterance
 
S 1.5 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can analyse pragmatic functions (in a less known or familiar language or in an unknown or unfamiliar language)
S 1.5.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can analyse the links between pragmatic forms and functions (or speech acts)
S 1.5.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can analyse the relationship between form and context or situation
S 1.5.3 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan analyse the relationship between form and interaction
 
S 1.6 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resource Can analyse communicative repertoires which are plurilingual or take place in a plurilingual situation
 
S 1.7 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resource Can analyse the cultural origin of different aspects of communication
S 1.7.1 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resource Can analyse misunderstandings due to cultural differences
S 1.7.2 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resourceCan analyse schemata used for interpreting behaviour (e.g. stereotypes)

 

 
S 1.8 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resourceCan analyse the cultural origins of certain behaviours
 
S 1.9 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resourceCan analyse specific social phenomena as being the consequence of cultural difference
 
S 1.10 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resource Can develop a system of interpretation which enables one to perceive the particular characteristics of a culture (e.g. meanings, beliefs, cultural practices, etc.)
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S 2 - Can recognise or identify

S 2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can identify (recognise) linguistic elements or cultural phenomena in languages or cultures which are more or less familiar

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S 2.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can identify (or recognise) sound forms (or has aural recognition skills)
S 2.1.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can identify (or recognise) simple phonetic elements (or sounds)
S 2.1.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can identify (or recognise) prosodic units
S 2.1.3 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can identify (or recognise) a morpheme or a word while listening
 
S 2.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can identify (or recognise) written forms
S 2.2.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can identify (or recognise) elementary graphic forms (e.g. letters, ideograms, punctuation marks, etc.)
S 2.2.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can identify (or recognise) a morpheme or a word in the written form of familiar or unfamiliar languages
 
S 2.3 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can make use of linguistic evidence to identify (or recognise) words of different origin
S 2.3.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can identify (or recognise) loans or words of international origin or regionalisms
 
S 2.4 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can identify (or recognise) grammatical categories, functions or markers (e.g. article, possessive, gender, time, plural, etc.)
 
S 2.5 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan identify languages on the basis of identification of linguistic forms
S 2.5.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan identify languages on the basis of phonological evidence
S 2.5.2 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resourceCan identify languages on the basis of graphic evidence
S 2.5.3 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can identify languages on the basis of known words or expressions
S 2.5.4 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan identify languages on the basis of known grammatical markers
 
S 2.6 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan identify pragmatic functions
 
S 2.7 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan identify discourse types
 
S 2.8 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can identify (or recognise) cultural specificities, references or affiliations
S 2.8.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can identify (or recognise) cultural specificities, references or affiliations of other pupils in the class or of other members of a group
S 2.8.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can identify (or recognise) one’s own cultural specificities, references or affiliations

 

S 2.9 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can identify (or recognise) communicative variations engendered by cultural differences
S 2.9.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan identify the risks of misunderstanding due to differences between communicative cultures

 

S 2.10 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan identify (or recognise) specific forms of behaviour linked to cultural differences
 
S 2.11 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan identify (or recognise) cultural prejudice
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S 3 - Can compare

S 3 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can compare linguistic or cultural features of different languages or cultures (or, can perceive or establish linguistic or cultural proximity and distance)

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S 3.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can apply procedures for making comparisons
S 3.1.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can establish similarity and difference between languages or cultures from observation, analysis, identification or recognition of some of their components
S 3.1.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can formulate hypotheses about linguistic or cultural proximity or distance
S 3.1.3 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can use a range of different criteria to establish linguistic or cultural proximity or distance
 
S 3.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can perceive proximity and distance between sounds (or can discriminate aurally)
S 3.2.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan perceive proximity and distance between simple phonetic features (or sounds)
S 3.2.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can perceive proximity and distance between prosodic features
S 3.2.3 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan perceive proximity and distance between sounds at morpheme or word level
S 3.2.4 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can compare languages aurally
 
S 3.3 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resourceCan perceive proximity or distance between graphic forms
S 3.3.1 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resourceCan perceive similarities and differences between graphic forms
S 3.3.2 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resource Can perceive proximity and distance between graphic features at morpheme or word level
S 3.3.3 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resource Can compare scripts used by two or several languages
 
S 3.4 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can perceive lexical proximity
S 3.4.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan perceive direct lexical proximity
S 3.4.2 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can perceive indirect lexical proximity (i.e. using proximity between terms of the same family of words in one of the languages involved)
S 3.4.3 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan compare the form of loan words with their form in their original language
 
S 3.5 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can perceive global similarities between two or several languages
S 3.5.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan formulate hypotheses about whether languages are related on the basis of similarities between them
 
S 3.6 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can compare the relationships between sounds and script in different languages
 
S 3.7 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan compare the grammatical functioning of different languages
S 3.7.1 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resourceCan compare sentence structures in different languages
 
S 3.8 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can compare grammatical functions of different languages
 
S 3.9 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can compare communicative cultures
S 3.9.1 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resource Can compare discourse types in different languages
S 3.9.1.1 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resource Can compare discourse types in one’s own language with discourse types in another language
S 3.9.2 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resourceCan compare the communicative repertoires used in different languages and cultures
S 3.9.2.1 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resourceCan compare one’s own language repertoires or behaviours with those of speakers of other languages
S 3.9.2.2. Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resource Can compare one’s own non verbal communication practices with those of others
 
S 3.10 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan compare cultural phenomena (or perceive the cultural proximity or distance)
S 3.10.1 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resource Can use a range of criteria to recognise cultural proximity or distance
S 3.10.2 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resource Can perceive differences or similarities in different aspects of social life (e.g. living conditions, working life, participation in activities of charities, respect for the environment, etc.)
S 3.10.3 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resource Can compare meanings or connotations corresponding to cultural features (e.g. a comparison of the concept of time , etc.)
S 3.10.4 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resourceCan compare different cultural practices
S 3.10.5 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resource Can relate documents or events from another culture to documents or events in one’s own culture
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S 4 - Can talk about languages and cultures

S 4 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can talk about or explain certain aspects of one’s own language, one’s culture, other languages or other cultures

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S 4.1 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can construct explanations: for a foreign interlocutor about a feature of one’s own culture; for an interlocutor from one’s own culture about a feature of another culture
S 4.1.1 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resourceCan talk about cultural prejudices
 
S 4.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan explain misunderstandings
 
S 4.3 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan explain one’s own knowledge of languages
 
S 4.4 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can argue about cultural diversity (e.g. advantages, disadvantages, difficulties, etc.) and construct one’s own opinion about this
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S 5 - Can use what one knows of a language in order to understand another language or to produce in another language

S 5 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can use knowledge and skills already mastered in one language in activities of comprehension or production in another language

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S 5.1 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can construct a set of hypotheses or a “hypothetical grammar” about affinities or differences between languages
 
S 5.2 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can identify “transfer bases” (i.e. element of a language which allows a transfer of knowledge between languages (interlingual) or within a language (intralingual))
S 5.2.1 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can compare “transfer bases” in the target language with those in languages which are mentally activated (i.e. whose elements come to mind faced with a task)
 
S 5.3 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can make interlingual transfers (e.g. transfers of recognition (i.e. which establish a link between an identified feature of a known language and a feature one seeks to identify in an unfamiliar language) or transfers of production (i.e. an activity of language production in an unfamiliar language)) from a known language to an unfamiliar one
S 5.3.1 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can carry out transfers of form (or set in motion transfer processes) based on interphonological and intergraphemic characteristics or regularities and irregularities
S 5.3.2 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can carry out transfers of (semantic) content (i.e. can recognise core meanings within correspondences of meaning)
S 5.3.3 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can establish grammatical regularities in an unfamiliar language on the basis of grammatical regularities in a familiar language or carry out transfers at grammatical level (e.g. transfers of function)
S 5.3.4 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can establish pragmatic transfers (i.e. can establish a link between communicative conventions in one’s own language and those in another language)
 
S 5.4 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resourceCan carry out intralingual transfers (preceding or following interlingual transfers)
 
S 5.5 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can check the validity of transfers which have been made
 
S 5.6 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can identify one’s own reading strategies in the first language (L1) and apply them to the second language (L2)
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S 6 - Can Interact

S 6 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can interact in situations of contact between languages or cultures

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S 6.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can communicate in bi/plurilingual groups taking into account the repertoire of one’s interlocutors
S 6.1.1 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resourceCan reformulate ( e.g. by simplifying the structure of the utterance, by varying the vocabulary or by making an effort to pronounce more clearly)
S 6.1.2 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can discuss strategies for interaction
 
S 6.2 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can ask for help when communicating in bi/plurilingual groups
S 6.2.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can ask an interlocutor to reformulate what has been said
S 6.2.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can ask an interlocutor to repeat what has been said in a simpler way
S 6.2.3 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can ask an interlocutor to switch to another language
 
S 6.3 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resourceCan communicate while taking sociolinguistic or sociocultural differences into account
S 6.3.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan use formulae of politeness appropriately
S 6.3.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan use forms of address appropriately
S 6.3.3 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan resort to different speech registers according to the situation
S 6.3.4 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can use metaphoric or idiomatic expressions or formulae in accordance with the cultural background of one’s interlocutors
 
S 6.4 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can communicate "between languages"
S 6.4.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan give an account in one language of information encountered in another language or other languages
S 6.4.1.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan present a commentary or exposé in one language based on a plurilingual set of documents
 
S 6.5 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can activate bilingual or plurilingual communication in relevant situations
S 6.5.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan vary or alternate languages, linguistic codes or modes of communication
S 6.5.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan produce a text in which registers, varieties or languages alternate functionally (when the situation allows it)
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S 7 - Knows how to learn

S 7 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can appropriate the knowledge of (or can learn) linguistic features or usage or cultural references or behaviours which belong to more or less familiar languages and cultures

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S 7.1 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resource Can memorise unfamiliar features
S 7.1.1 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resourceCan memorise unfamiliar aural features (e.g. simple phonetic units, prosodic units, words, etc.)
S 7.1.2 Pluralistic approaches are US EFUL for the development of this resourceCan memorise features of unfamiliar graphic elements (e.g. letters, ideograms, words, etc.)
 
S 7.2 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can reproduce unfamiliar features of a language
S 7.2.1 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can reproduce unfamiliar aural features (e.g. simple phonetic units, prosodic features, words, etc.)
S 7.2.2 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can reproduce features of unfamiliar graphic elements (e.g. letters, ideograms, words, etc.)
 
S 7.3 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can gain from previously acquired knowledge about languages and cultures during learning
S 7.3.1 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can gain from previous intercultural experiences to enrich one's own intercultural competence
S 7.3.2 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can use knowledge and skills acquired in one language to learn another
S 7.3.3 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resourceCan use knowledge and skills acquired in one language to develop one’s own knowledge and skills in that same language (through intralingual comparison, induction, deduction, etc.)
 
S 7.4 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan profit from transfers made (successfully or unsuccessfully) between a known language and another language in order to acquire features of that other language
 
S 7.5 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can get ownership of a system for identifying correspondences and non-correspondences between languages known to varying degrees
 
S 7.6 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can learn autonomously
S 7.6.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resource Can make use of resources which facilitate learning in matters of languages and cultures
S 7.6.1.1 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan make use of linguistic tools of reference (e.g. bilingual dictionaries, grammar manuals, etc.)
S 7.6.1.2 Pluralistic approaches are IMPORTANT for the development of this resourceCan resort to other persons in order to learn (e.g. can ask an interlocutor to correct mistakes or ask for information or explanations )
 
S 7.7 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resourceCan manage one’s own learning in a reflective manner
S 7.7.1 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resourceCan identify one’s own learning needs or objectives
S 7.7.2 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can deliberately apply learning strategies
S 7.7.3 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resourceCan benefit from previous learning experiences in new learning situations (or can transfer learning)
S 7.7.3.1 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resourceCan benefit from previous use of skills and knowledge in one’s own and other language(s) in learning a new language
S 7.7.4 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resourceCan observe or monitor one’s own learning process
S 7.7.4.1 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resourceCan identify progress or the lack of progress in one’s own learning
S 7.7.4.2 Pluralistic approaches are ES S ENTIAL for the development of this resource Can compare different methods of learning taking their successes or failures into account
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  Pluralistic approaches are ...
 ... useful
 ... important
 ... essential
  ... for the development of this resource.